學術文獻👩🦱：研究前沿/研究熱點
1.Identificationof Environmental Pollutants in Construction Site Monitoring Using AssociationRule Mining and Ontology-Based Reasoning
摘要：Pollutantsfrom construction activities of building projects can have serious negativeimpacts on the natural environment and human health. Carrying out monitoring ofenvironmental pollutants during the construction period can effectivelymitigate environmental problems caused by construction activities and achievesustainable development of the construction industry. However, the currentenvironmental monitoring method relying only on various sensors is relativelysinglar which is unable to cope with a complex on-site environment We propose amechanism for environmental pollutants identification combining associationrule mining and ontology-based reasoning and using random forest algorithm toimprove the accuracy of identification. Firstly, the ontology model ofenvironmental pollutants monitoring indicator in the construction site is builtin order to integrate and share the relative knowledge. Secondly, the improvedApriori algorithm with added subjective and objective constraints is used forassociation rule mining among environmental pollutants monitoring indicators,and the random forest algorithm is applied to further filter the strongassociation rules. Finally, the ontology database and rule database are loadedinto a Jena reasoning machine for inference to establish an identificationmechanism of environmental pollutants. The results of running on a real estatedevelopment project in Jiangning District, Nanjing, prove that thisidentification mechanism can effectively tap the potential knowledge in thefield of environmental pollutants monitoring, explore the relationship betweenenvironmental pollutants monitoring indicators and then overcome theshortcomings of traditional monitoring methods that only rely on sensors toprovide new ideas and methods for making intelligent decisions on environmentalpollutants in a construction site.
期刊來源：BUILDINGS
詳情頁鏈接：
https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000902247900001
2.Phthalimide-BasedOff-On-Off Fluorosensor for Cascade Detection of Cyanide Ions and Picric Acid
期刊來源：CHEMISTRYSELECT
摘要：Novelmethods that can be utilized to identify and detect harmful environmentalpollutants still need to be proposed. This article describes the effective designand development of a turn-on photoluminescence probe, T1[(E)-5-((2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino) isoindoline-1, 3-dione], which isselective and sensitive towards CN- ions having detection limit nM to mu Mrange. When exposed to CN- ions, Probe T1 displays a strong fluorescenceresponse under a 365 nm UV light irradiation with a noticeable low to highintense cyan color photoluminescence visible to the naked eye. For thepractical utility of the present probe T1, a paper strips-based test kitexperiment has been demonstrated as a portable and displayable photonic devicefor on-site detection of CN- ions. Furthermore, the T1-CN- adduct has beenapplied for detecting explosive nitroaromatic compounds, especially PA, basedon the photoluminescence quenching mechanism. Using CN- ions, and PA aschemically encoded inputs and corresponding optical output, a molecular logicgate has been constructed. Further, probe T1 has been employed as abio-analytical tool to map intercellular CN- ions in live cells. This studyinvokes a novel approach for designing and developing efficient and selectivesensors employing well-known fluorescent probes as signaling units with priorphotophysical knowledge.
詳情頁鏈接：
https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000961544000001
3.Methyleneblue degradation using ZnO:CuO:Al2O3 nanocomposite synthesized by liquid laserablation
期刊來源OPTICALAND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
摘要🧑🎄：Coloreddyes are major sources of environmental pollution. Mineralization usingheterogeneous catalysts is the method to remove such environmental pollutants.Herein, a green approach is used to prepare the nanocomposites, in which pulsedlaser ablation of liquid (PLAL) is used. The synthesis of a ternarynanocomposite of ZnO/CuO/Al2O3 as a photocatalyst to degrade methylene blue(MB) dye is performed in an optimized ratio of 3:1:1 at pH = 10.37. To evaluatethe structural, morphological, and optical features of the synthesized ternarynanocomposite, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM),EDS, atomic force microscope (AFM), and UV-vis spectroscopy are used. The XRDpattern confirms that the ternary nanocomposite is highly crystalline innature. The Raman spectra confirm the formation of the ternary ZnO/CuO/Al2O3heterostructures. The AFM images of the ratio 3:1:1 show less agglomerationthan the 1:3:1 and 1:1:3 ratios. The SEM images show agglomerated spheroidswith rice-like morphologies and a mean particle size of around 40 nm. Theenergy bandgap (E-g) values lie in the UV region at 5.05, which means that thephotocatalyst has enhanced its photocatalytic activity under sunlight. Thedegradation efficiency of 3:1:1 at pH = 10.37 achieves the highest value of98.55% with a rate constant of 0.2265 min(-1) after 15 min of illumination.
詳情頁鏈接：
https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000926559800012
4.Bioengineeredmicrobial strains for detoxification of toxic environmental pollutants
期刊來源：ENVIRONMENTALRESEARCH
摘要：Industrializationand other anthropogenic human activities pose significant environmental risks.As a result of the hazardous pollution, numerous living organisms may sufferfrom undesirable diseases in their separate habitats. Bioremediation, whichremoves hazardous compounds from the environment using microbes or theirbiologically active metabolites, is one of the most successful remediationapproaches. According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP),deteriorating soil health negatively impacts food security and human healthover time. Soil health restoration is critical right now. Microbes are widelyknown for their importance in cleaning up toxins present in the soil, such asheavy metals, pesticides, and hydrocarbons. However, the capacity of localbacteria to digest these pollutants is limited, and the process takes anextended time. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), whose altered metabolicpathways promote the over-secretion of a variety of proteins favorable to thebioremediation process, can speed up the breakdown process. The need forremediation procedures, degrees of soil contamination, site circumstances,broad adoptions, and numerous possibilities occurring at various cleaningstages are all studied in detail. Massive efforts to restore contaminated soilshave also resulted in severe issues. This review focuses on the enzymaticremoval of hazardous pollutants from the environment, such as pesticides, heavymetals, dyes, and plastics. There are also in-depth assessments of presentdiscoveries and future plans for efficient enzymatic degradation of hazardouspollutants.
詳情頁鏈接：
https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000961527900001
1.Reviving the lithium metalanode for high-energy batteries
來源期刊：NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 出版時間：MAR 2017
被引次數：3482
摘要：Lithium-ion batteries have had a profound impact onour daily life, but inherent limitations make it difficult for Li-ion chemistriesto meet the growing demands for portable electronics, electric vehicles andgrid-scale energy storage. Therefore, chemistries beyond Li-ion are currentlybeing investigated and need to be made viable for commercial applications. Theuse of metallic Li is one of the most favoured choices for next-generation Libatteries, especially Li-S and Li-air systems. After falling into oblivion forseveral decades because of safety concerns, metallic Li is now ready for arevival, thanks to the development of investigative tools andnanotechnology-based solutions. In this Review, we first summarize the currentunderstanding on Li anodes, then highlight the recent key progress in materialsdesign and advanced characterization techniques, and finally discuss theopportunities and possible directions for future development of Li anodes inapplications.
2.Carbon Nanotubes: Present and Future CommercialApplications
來源期刊🏊🏿♂️：SCIENCEY 出版時間：FEB 1 2013
被引次數：3478
摘要🤾🏻♀️🦸🏽♀️：Worldwide commercial interest in carbon nanotubes(CNTs) is reflected in a production capacity that presently exceeds severalthousand tons per year. Currently, bulk CNT powders are incorporated in diversecommercial products ranging from rechargeable batteries, automotive parts, andsporting goods to boat hulls and water filters. Advances in CNT synthesis,purification, and chemical modification are enabling integration of CNTs inthin-film electronics and large-area coatings. Although not yet providingcompelling mechanical strength or electrical or thermal conductivities for manyapplications, CNT yarns and sheets already have promising performance forapplications including supercapacitors, actuators, and lightweightelectromagnetic shields.
3.Ultrasensitive photodetectorsbased on monolayer MoS2
來源期刊：NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
出版時間：JUL 2013
被引次數：3431
摘要：Two-dimensional materials are an emerging class ofnew materials with a wide range of electrical properties and potentialpractical applications. Although graphene(1) is the most well-studiedtwo-dimensional material, single layers of other materials, such as insulatingBN (ref. 2) and semiconducting MoS2 (refs 3,4) or WSe2 (refs 5,6), are gainingincreasing attention as promising gate insulators and channel materials forfield-effect transistors. Because monolayer MoS2 is a direct-bandgapsemiconductor(7,8) due to quantum-mechanical confinement(7,9,10), it could besuitable for applications in optoelectronic devices where the direct bandgapwould allow a high absorption coefficient and efficient electron-hole pairgeneration under photo-excitation. Here, we demonstrate ultrasensitivemonolayer MoS2 phototransistors with improved device mobility and ON current.Our devices show a maximum external photoresponsivity of 880 AW(-1) at a wavelengthof 561 nm and a photoresponse in the 400-680 nm range. With recent developmentsin large-scale production techniques such as liquid-scale exfoliation(11-13)and chemical vapour deposition-like growth(14,15), MoS2 shows importantpotential for applications in MoS2-based integrated optoelectronic circuits,light sensing, biomedical imaging, video recording and spectroscopy.
4.Chemical Management forColorful, Efficient, and Stable Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Nanostructured SolarCells
來源期刊🦸：NANO LETTERS
出版時間🛒🍤：APR 2013
被引次數🐱：3413
摘要🧔⌨️：Chemically tuned inorganic-organic hybridmaterials, based on CH3NH3(=MA)Pb(I1-xBrx)(3) perovskites, have been studiedusing UV-vis absorption and X-ray diffraction patterns and applied tonanostructured solar cells. The band gap engineering brought about by thechemical management of MAPb(I1-xBrx)(3) perovskites can be controllably tunedto cover almost the entire visible spectrum, enabling the realization ofcolorful solar cells. We demonstrate highly efficient solar cells exhibiting12.3% in a power conversion efficiency of under standard AM 1.5, for the mostefficient device, as a result of tunable composition for the light harvester inconjunction with a mesoporous TiO2 film and a hole conducting polymer. Webelieve that the works highlighted in this paper represent one step toward therealization of low-cost, high-efficiency, and long-term stability with colorfulsolar cells.
5.Microstructures and propertiesof high-entropy alloys
來源期刊：PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
出版時間🦛：APR 2014
被引次數🫳🏋🏽♂️：3412
摘要：This paper reviews the recent research anddevelopment of high-entropy alloys (HEAs). HEAs are loosely defined as solidsolution alloys that contain more than five principal elements in equal or nearequal atomic percent (at.%). The concept of high entropy introduces a new pathof developing advanced materials with unique properties, which cannot beachieved by the conventional micro-alloying approach based on only one dominantelement. Up to date, many HEAs with promising properties have been reported,e.g., high wear-resistant HEAs, Co1.5CrFeNi1.5Ti and Al0.2Co1.5CrFeNi1.5Tialloys; high-strength body-centered-cubic (BCC) AlCoCrFeNi HEAs at roomtemperature, and NbMoTaV HEA at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, the generalcorrosion resistance of the Cu0.5NiAlCoCrFeSi HEA is much better than that ofthe conventional 304-stainless steel. This paper first reviews HEA formation inrelation to thermodynamics, kinetics, and processing. Physical, magnetic,chemical, and mechanical properties are then discussed. Great details areprovided on the plastic deformation, fracture, and magnetization from theperspectives of crackling noise and Barkhausen noise measurements, and theanalysis of serrations on stress-strain curves at specific strain rates ortesting temperatures, as well as the serrations of the magnetization hysteresisloops. The comparison between conventional and high-entropy bulk metallicglasses is analyzed from the viewpoints of eutectic composition, dense atomic packing,and entropy of mixing. Glass forming ability and plastic properties ofhigh-entropy hulk metallic glasses are also discussed. Modeling techniquesapplicable to HEAs are introduced and discussed, such as ab initio moleculardynamics simulations and CALPHAD modeling. Finally, future developments andpotential new research directions for HEAs are proposed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd.All rights reserved.
6.Progress, Challenges, andOpportunities in Two-Dimensional Materials Beyond Graphene
來源期刊🤾🏿：ACS NANO
出版時間：APR 2013
被引次數ℹ️：3391
摘要：Graphene's success has shown that it is possible tocreate stable, single and few-atom-thick layers of van der Waals materials, andalso that these materials can exhibit fascinating and technologically usefulproperties. Here we review the state-of-the-art of 2D materials beyondgraphene. Initially, we will outline the different chemical classes of 2Dmaterials and discuss the various strategies to prepare single-layer,few-layer, and multilayer assembly materials in solution, on substrates, and onthe wafer scale. Additionally, we present an experimental guide for identifyingand characterizing single-layer-thick materials, as well as outlining emergingtechniques that yield both local and global information. We describe thedifferences that occur in the electronic structure between the bulk and thesingle layer and discuss various methods of tuning their electronic propertiesby manipulating the surface. Finally, we highlight the properties andadvantages of single-, few-, and many-layer 2D materials in field-effecttransistors, spin- and valley-tronics, thermoelectrics, and topologicalinsulators, among many other applications.
7.Sodium-Ion Batteries
來源期刊🏎：ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
出版時間：FEB 25 2013
被引次數：3373
摘要♥️：The status of ambient temperature sodium ionbatteries is reviewed in light of recent developments in anode, electrolyte andcathode materials. These devices, although early in their stage of development,are promising for large-scale grid storage applications due to the abundanceand very low cost of sodium-containing precursors used to make the components.The engineering knowledge developed recently for highly successful Li ionbatteries can be leveraged to ensure rapid progress in this area, althoughdifferent electrode materials and electrolytes will be required for dualintercalation systems based on sodium. In particular, new anode materials needto be identified, since the graphite anode, commonly used in lithium systems,does not intercalate sodium to any appreciable extent. A wider array of choicesis available for cathodes, including high performance layered transition metaloxides and polyanionic compounds. Recent developments in electrodes areencouraging, but a great deal of research is necessary, particularly in newelectrolytes, and the understanding of the SEI films. The engineering modelingcalculations of Na-ion battery energy density indicate that 210 Wh kg1 ingravimetric energy is possible for Na-ion batteries compared to existing Li-iontechnology if a cathode capacity of 200 mAh g1 and a 500 mAh g1 anode can bediscovered with an average cell potential of 3.3 V.
8.25th Anniversary Article:MXenes: A New Family of Two-Dimensional Materials
來源期刊👩🏿🎤：ADVANCED MATERIALS
出版時間：FEB 2014
被引次數：3348
摘要🙇🏿♀️：Recently a new, large family of two-dimensional(2D) early transition metal carbides and carbonitrides, called MXenes, wasdiscovered. MXenes are produced by selective etching of the A element from theMAX phases, which are metallically conductive, layered solids connected bystrong metallic, ionic, and covalent bonds, such as Ti2AlC, Ti3AlC2, andTa4AlC3. MXenes combine the metallic conductivity of transition metal carbideswith the hydrophilic nature of their hydroxyl or oxygen terminated surfaces. Inessence, they behave as conductive clays. This article reviews progressbothexperimental and theoreticalon their synthesis, structure, properties,intercalation, delamination, and potential applications. MXenes are expected tobe good candidates for a host of applications. They have already shownpromising performance in electrochemical energy storage systems. A detailedoutlook for future research on MXenes is also presented.
9.A critical review of highentropy alloys and related concepts
來源期刊：ACTA MATERIALIA
出版時間：JAN 1 2017
被引次數🤘🏻：3333
摘要：High entropy alloys (HEAs) are barely 12 years old.The field has stimulated new ideas and has inspired the exploration of the vastcomposition space offered by multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs). Here wepresent a critical review of this field, with the intent of summarizing keyfindings, uncovering major trends and providing guidance for future efforts.Major themes in this assessment include definition of terms; thermodynamicanalysis of complex, concentrated alloys (CCAs); taxonomy of current alloyfamilies; microstructures; mechanical properties; potential applications; andfuture efforts. Based on detailed analyses, the following major results emerge.Although classical thermodynamic concepts are unchanged, trends in MPEAs can bedifferent than in simpler alloys. Common thermodynamic perceptions can bemisleading and new trends are described. From a strong focus on 3d transitionmetal alloys, there are now seven distinct CCA families. A new theme ofdesigning alloy families by selecting elements to achieve a specific, intendedpurpose is starting to emerge. A comprehensive microstructural assessment isperformed using three datasets: experimental data drawn from 408 differentalloys and two computational datasets generated using the CALculated PHAseDiagram (CALPHAD) method. Each dataset emphasizes different elements and showsdifferent microstructural trends. Trends in these three datasets are allpredicted by a 'structure in - structure out' (SISO) analysis developed herethat uses the weighted fractions of the constituent element crystal structuresin each dataset. A total of 13 distinct multi-principal element single-phasefields are found in this microstructural assessment. Relationships betweencomposition, microstructure and properties are established for 3d transitionmetal MPEAs, including the roles of Al, Cr and Cu. Critical evaluation showsthat commercial austenitic stainless steels and nickel alloys with 3 or moreprincipal elements are MPEAs, as well as some established functional materials.Mechanical properties of 3d transition metal CCAs are equivalent to commercialaustenitic stainless steels and nickel alloys, while some refractory metal CCAsshow potential to extend the service strength and/or temperature of nickelsuperalloys. Detailed analyses of microstructures and properties allow twomajor HEA hypotheses to be resolved. Although the 'entropy effect' is notsupported by the present data, it has nevertheless made an enduringcontribution by inspiring a clearer understanding of the importance ofconfigurational entropy on phase stability. The 'sluggish diffusion' hypothesisis also not supported by available data, but it motivates re-evaluation of aclassical concept of metallic diffusion. Building on recent published work, theCCA field has expanded to include materials with metallic, ionic or covalentbonding. It also includes microstructures with any number of phases and anytype of phases. Finally, the MPEA field is shown to include both structural andfunctional materials applications. A significant number of future efforts arerecommended, with an emphasis on developing high throughput experiments andcomputations for structural materials. The review concludes with a briefdescription of major accomplishments of the field and insights gained from thefirst 12 years of research. The field has lost none of its potency andcontinues to pose new questions and offer new possibilities. The vast range ofcomplex compositions and microstructures remains the most compelling motivationfor future studies.
10.High-rate electrochemicalenergy storage through Li+ intercalation pseudocapacitance
來源期刊：NATURE MATERIALS
出版時間：JUN 2013
被引次數👮🏿♂️🪻：3176
摘要：Pseudocapacitance is commonly associated withsurface or near-surface reversible redox reactions, as observed with RuO2center dot xH(2)O in an acidic electrolyte. However, we recently demonstratedthat a pseudocapacitive mechanism occurs when lithium ions are inserted intomesoporous and nanocrystal films of orthorhombic Nb2O5 (T-Nb2O5; refs 1,2).Here, we quantify the kinetics of charge storage in T-Nb2O5: currents that varyinversely with time, charge-storage capacity that is mostly independent ofrate, and redox peaks that exhibit small voltage offsets even at high rates. Wealso define the structural characteristics necessary for this process, termedintercalation pseudocapacitance, which are a crystalline network that offerstwo-dimensional transport pathways and little structural change onintercalation. The principal benefit realized from intercalationpseudocapacitance is that high levels of charge storage are achieved withinshort periods of time because there are no limitations from solid-statediffusion. Thick electrodes (up to 40 mu m thick) prepared with T-Nb2O5 offerthe promise of exploiting intercalation pseudocapacitance to obtain high-ratecharge-storage devices.
11.Flexible triboelectricgenerator!
來源期刊：NANO ENERGY
出版時間：MAR 2012
被引次數：3091
摘要：Charges induced in triboelectric process areusually referred as a negative effect either in scientific research ortechnological applications, and they are wasted energy in many cases. Here, wedemonstrate a simple, low cost and effective approach of using the chargingprocess in friction to convert mechanical energy into electric power fordriving small electronics. The triboelectric generator (TEG) is fabricated bystacking two polymer sheets made of materials having distinctly differenttriboelectric characteristics, with metal films deposited on the top and bottomof the assembled structure. Once subjected to mechanical deformation, afriction between the two films, owing to the nano-scale surface roughness,generates equal amount but opposite signs of charges at two sides. Thus, atriboelectric potential layer is formed at the interface region, which servesas a charge "pump" for driving the flow of electrons in the externaltoad if there is a variation in the capacitance of the system. Such a flexiblepolymer TEG gives an output voltage of up to 3.3 V at a power density ofsimilar to 10.4 mW/cm(3). TEGs have the potential of harvesting energy fromhuman activities, rotating tires, ocean waves, mechanical vibration and more,with great applications in self-powered systems for personal electronics,environmental monitoring, medical science and even large-scale power.
Abstracts👩🏼🚀：Parametricuncertainties and coupled nonlinear dynamics are inherent in quadrotor configurationand infer adaptive nonlinear approaches to be used for flight control system.Numerous adaptive nonlinear and intelligent control techniques, which have beenreported in the literature for designing quadrotor flight controller by variousresearchers, are investigated in this paper. As a priori, each conventionalnonlinear control technique is discussed broadly and then its adaptive/observerbased augmentation is conferred along with all possible variants. Amongconventional nonlinear control approaches, feedback linearization,backstepping, sliding mode, and model predictive control, are studied.Intelligent control approaches incorporating fuzzy logic and neural networksare also discussed. In addition to adaption based parametric uncertainty handling,various other aspects of each control technique regarding stability,disturbance rejection, response time, asymptotic, exponential and finite timeconvergence etc., are discussed in sufficient depth. The contribution of thispaper is the provision of detailed and in depth discussion on quadrotornonlinear control approaches to the flight control designers.
期刊來源：ASIANJOURNAL OF CONTROL
發表時間🏃🏻♀️：2019
詳情頁網址🚙：https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000462159400027
Abstracts🫷🏻：Theoutput power-voltage (P-V) curve of a solar photovoltaic (PV) power systemshows a single peak under an even irradiation environment, nevertheless, butoften exhibits seriously nonlinear multi-peak characteristics under partialshading conditions (PSCs). Then, traditional maximum power point tracking(MPPT) control methods may fail to find the maximum power point (MPP). Manydifferent MPPT control methods have been proposed to adjust the peak poweroutput and improve the generating efficiency of the PV system. In this paper,the main MPPT techniques for PV systems are reviewed and summarized, anddivided into three groups according to their control theoretic and optimizationprinciples. Especially, the advantages and disadvantages of the MPPT techniquesfor PV system under PSCs are compared and analyzed. Finally, possible futureresearch directions for MPPT are discussed. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published byElsevier Ltd.
期刊來源📪：ENERGYREPORTS
發表時間🤾🏼♀️：2021
詳情頁網址🏥：https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000602736200020
Abstracts🩵：Inpractice, the dual constraints of limited interaction capabilities and systemuncertainties make it difficult for large-scale multiagent systems (MASs) toachieve intelligent collaboration with incomplete local relative information.In this article, a review is conducted on the recent development of MASsintended for intelligent control, including consensus problem, formationcontrol, and flocking control. Based on the limitations of the interactionlevel and the constraints of the individual system level, the published resultson intelligent control are categorized into limited sensing-based control,event-based control, pinning-based control, resilient control, and collaborativecontrol under system constraints. Also, the applications of intelligent controlfor MASs are presented, especially for robotics, complex networks, andtransportation. Finally, a discussion is given about the challenges and futuredirections of research in this field.
期刊來源：IEEETRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
發表時間：2021
詳情頁網址👨🏼💻：https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000607806700011
Abstracts👩🏻🦽：In the last fewyears, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has achieved a notable momentum that, ifharnessed appropriately, may deliver the best of expectations over manyapplication sectors across the field. For this to occur shortly in MachineLearning, the entire community stands in front of the barrier ofexplainability, an inherent problem of the latest techniques brought bysub-symbolism (e.g. ensembles or Deep Neural Networks) that were not present inthe last hype of AI (namely, expert systems and rule based models). Paradigmsunderlying this problem fall within the so-called eXplainable AI (XAI) field,which is widely acknowledged as a crucial feature for the practical deploymentof AI models. The overview presented in this article examines the existingliterature and contributions already done in the field of XAI, including aprospect toward what is yet to be reached. For this purpose we summarizeprevious efforts made to define explainability in Machine Learning,establishing a novel definition of explainable Machine Learning that coverssuch prior conceptual propositions with a major focus on the audience for whichthe explainability is sought. Departing from this definition, we propose anddiscuss about a taxonomy of recent contributions related to the explainabilityof different Machine Learning models, including those aimed at explaining DeepLearning methods for which a second dedicated taxonomy is built and examined indetail. This critical literature analysis serves as the motivating backgroundfor a series of challenges faced by XAI, such as the interesting crossroads ofdata fusion and explainability. Our prospects lead toward the concept ofResponsible Artificial Intelligence, namely, a methodology for the large-scaleimplementation of AI methods in real organizations with fairness, modelexplainability and accountability at its core. Our ultimate goal is to providenewcomers to the field of XAI with a thorough taxonomy that can serve asreference material in order to stimulate future research advances, but also toencourage experts and professionals from other disciplines to embrace thebenefits of AI in their activity sectors, without any prior bias for its lackof interpretability.
期刊來源🧑🏿🚒：INFORMATION FUSION
發表時間5️⃣：2020
被引頻次：1633
詳情頁網址：https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000516799200007
Abstracts🦸🏿：Black boxmachine learning models are currently being used for high-stakes decisionmaking throughout society, causing problems in healthcare, criminal justice andother domains. Some people hope that creating methods for explaining theseblack box models will alleviate some of the problems, but trying to explainblack box models, rather than creating models that are interpretable in thefirst place, is likely to perpetuate bad practice and can potentially causegreat harm to society. The way forward is to design models that are inherentlyinterpretable. This Perspective clarifies the chasm between explaining blackboxes and using inherently interpretable models, outlines several key reasonswhy explainable black boxes should be avoided in high-stakes decisions,identifies challenges to interpretable machine learning, and provides severalexample applications where interpretable models could potentially replace blackbox models in criminal justice, healthcare and computer vision.
期刊來源：IEEE ACCESS
發表時間：2018
被引頻次：1373
詳情頁網址👨🚀：https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000447797600001
Abstracts：With thebreakthroughs in deep learning, the recent years have witnessed a booming of artificialintelligence (AI) applications and services, spanning from personal assistantto recommendation systems to video/audio surveillance. More recently, with theproliferation of mobile computing and Internet of Things (IoT), billions ofmobile and IoT devices are connected to the Internet, generating zillions bytesof data at the network edge. Driving by this trend, there is an urgent need topush the AI frontiers to the network edge so as to fully unleash the potentialof the edge big data. To meet this demand, edge computing, an emerging paradigmthat pushes computing tasks and services from the network core to the networkedge, has been widely recognized as a promising solution. The resulted newinterdiscipline, edge AI or edge intelligence (EI), is beginning to receive atremendous amount of interest. However, research on EI is still in its infancystage, and a dedicated venue for exchanging the recent advances of EI is highlydesired by both the computer system and AI communities. To this end, we conducta comprehensive survey of the recent research efforts on EI. Specifically, wefirst review the background and motivation for AI running at the network edge.We then provide an overview of the overarching architectures, frameworks, andemerging key technologies for deep learning model toward training/inference atthe network edge. Finally, we discuss future research opportunities on EI. Webelieve that this survey will elicit escalating attentions, stimulate fruitfuldiscussions, and inspire further research ideas on EI.
期刊來源：PROCEEDINGS OFTHE IEEE
發表時間：2019
被引頻次：678
Abstracts：Circulareconomy (CE) is a concept actively advocated by the European Union (EU), China,Japan, and the United Kingdom. At present, CE is considered to grant the mosttraction for companies to achieve sustainable development. However, CE is stillrarely adopted by enterprises. As the backbone of the fourth industrialrevolution, the digital economy (DE) is considered to have a disruptive effect.Studies have shown that digital technology has great potential in promoting thedevelopment of CE. Especially during the COVID-19 epidemic that has severelynegatively affected the global economy, environment, and society, CE and DE arereceiving high attention from policy makers, practitioners, and scholars aroundthe world. However, the integration of CE and digital technology is a small andrapidly developing research field that is still in its infancy. Although thereis a large amount of research in the fields of CE and DE, respectively, thereare few studies that look into integrating these two fields. Therefore, thepurpose of this paper is to explore the research progress and trends of theintegration of CE and DE, and provide an overview for future research. Thispaper adopts a bibliometric research method, employs the Web of Sciencedatabase as its literature source, and uses VOSviewer visual software to carryout keyword co-occurrence analysis, which focuses on publication trends,journal sources, keyword visualization, multidisciplinary areas, life cyclestages, and application fields.
Key words:circular economy (CE);digital economy (DE);multidisciplinary;application field;life cycle stage;keyword co-occurrence;keyword visualization
網址：https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000671195800001
Abstracts🍝👆🏻：Purpose: The definition of the digitaleconomy changes depending on the time period the definition comes from and theprevailing technology of that period, from the Internet to advanced robotics orartificial intelligence. The purpose of this paper is to identify the coreterms, give a definition of the digital economy, identify the most influentialjournals, authors and documents that deal with the topic and provide anoverview of the development of academic literature over the years.
Methodology: 293 documents related to the term "digital economy"were retrieved from the Scopus database. By using citation, co-citation,bibliographic coupling analysis and co-occurrence of the keywords, this paperidentifies a list of the most influential journals, authors and documents inthe field of digital economy. The analysis was conducted by using the VOSviewertool. An in-depth analysis of the documents was used to prepare an overview ofthe definitions of the digital economy.
Results: The research proves inconsistency of the definition and contextof the digital economy as well as a significant impact of a small number ofauthors and journals in the area under study. Keyword analysis shows that theterm digital economy is related not to macroeconomic terms but to more specificindustrial terms.
Conclusion: Guidelines are provided for future scientific research to fillthe gaps in the definition and scope of the digital economy.
Key words：Digitaleconomy;bibliographicanalysis
網址：https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000746534600017
06高等職業技術（國際）學院
1.漢語文學的譜系與世界文學空間
摘要🏌🏼♂️：本文嘗試在世界文學譜系中勾勒漢語文學的譜系和基本特征。將漢語作為特定文化的符號承載體⛳️，在文化歷史與地理參照中分析漢語及漢語文學譜系的內部的多元性，尤其是外部的漫延分布格局，並圍繞“華語語系文學”批評理論在海內外漢語文學界所引發的討論，揭示海內外漢語文學的創作實踐與批評間相互磨礪激發和比較視野的引入，對認識和闡發漢語文學譜系的復雜生態及其在世界文學譜系中的地位與價值所具有的重要意義👳🏼。
2.中國美術史中的戲曲人物繪畫研究——兼述川蜀戲曲人物畫及其創作
摘要🧑🦽：戲曲與繪畫，都是民族傳統文化中的重要組成部分🚴🏼♂️。本文以出土的美術實物、流傳的歷代繪畫為研究對象對中國戲曲藝術的歷史進行考察，尋繹、觀察戲曲文化的歷史變遷🚷，印證歷史記載以及歷史傳說🏟。對中國戲曲人物繪畫研究考察的同時，探尋川蜀地方戲曲繪畫發展脈絡，比較京畿主流戲曲繪畫，當有助於當代川蜀戲曲人物繪畫的創作🙍🏽♂️。
3.“雲腴一盞浮芳花”系列服裝設計作品
摘要：<正>系列作品以宋代點茶為設計靈感來源。一盞點茶，凝聚宋之風雅🦏🫔，宋人的審美、人文📨🧝♀️、自然風景皆為茶中趣味。其中茶百戲以清水作畫，山水雲霧，花鳥蟲魚，變化多端。服裝色彩提取自點茶過程中變化的色彩🏇，茶湯泛起泡沫從翠綠到奶綠再到奶白，滿盞浮雪煥發光彩🪷；服裝款式上將宋製對襟大袖衫🏔、褙子等傳統形製與現代時尚禮服結合，色調柔和🦾，整體清淡典雅🐲；再結合刺繡🅾️、立體花、串珠等裝飾手法，
4.語義與句法信息加強的二元標記實體關系聯合抽取
摘要：隨著互聯網技術不斷地發展，數據信息呈爆炸性增長,迫切需要從海量數據中高效地提取關鍵信息，而實體關系抽取作為信息抽取的核心任務，發揮著不可替代的重要作用🌰🦸🏻。現有基於深度學習的實體關系抽取方法存在誤差累積、實體冗余、交互缺失、實體關系重疊等問題。為充分利用語句的語義信息和句法信息，提出一種加強語義信息與句法信息的二元標記實體關系聯合抽取模型SSERel🕙。通過對輸入文本進行BERT編碼，並對三元組主體的開始位置和結束位置進行預測標記，提取文本的全局語義特征🥃、主體與每個詞語的局部語義特征以及句法特征，並將其融合進編碼向量。對語句每種關系的客體位置進行預測標記，最終完成三元組的提取🧑🏿🔬。在NYT和WebNLG數據集上的實驗結果表明🖨🐣，相比CasRel模型，該模型的F1值分別提升2.7和1.4個百分點👨🏽⚕️🍵，能夠有效解決復雜數據中存在的重疊三元組和多三元組等問題🙆🏼。
5.超高強度鋼高溫流變行為及熱沖壓工藝
摘要◾️：為提升某汽車縱梁的力學性能,研究了超高強度鋼板的最佳熱沖壓工藝窗口🔄。首先,通過高溫拉伸實驗獲得了材料的高溫流變曲線,並構建了材料的Hansel-Spittel流變本構模型。基於熱加工理論,建立了材料的熱加工能量耗散圖,得到了材料的穩態熱加工溫度為900℃、應變速率為0.01 s-1🍝。其次,通過淬火實驗獲得了超高強度鋼的強度、硬度、伸長率與加熱溫度、保溫時間之間的關系數據,並建立了力學性能分布數據圖🤹🏿♂️。力學性能分布圖可以分為3個區域,分別為未奧氏體化區域、不完全奧氏體化區域和完全奧氏體化區域,並通過微觀組織分析驗證了分區的合理性和有效性。根據能量耗散圖和力學性能分布圖確定了超高強度鋼具有最大能量耗散率,能完全奧氏體化的最佳熱沖壓工藝窗口為:加熱溫度900℃🥷🏻、保溫時間8 min🏌🏻♂️、應變速率0.01 s-1。最後,使用最佳熱沖壓參數對某汽車縱梁熱沖壓工藝進行了數值仿真和生產試製,並獲得了具有超高強度的熱沖壓汽車加強件產品;通過對試製零件進行取樣拉伸和微觀組織分析,驗證了最佳加熱溫度👒、保溫時間和變形速率的合理性。
詳情頁鏈接：
1.從漢文教育到國際中文教育:概念史視角下的變遷
摘要：自一千多年前的漢文教育以來🦸🏿，國際中文教育作為“自在”的教育形態經歷了長期歷史積澱🧬🌛。中華人民共和國成立後，又經歷了從對外漢語教學到漢語國際教育，再到國際中文教育的“自覺”發展過程。本文從概念史視角出發，通過考察“國際中文教育”在各個階段的發展進程以及核心概念的演變史，探究了國際中文教育的概念發展變遷♉️。國際中文教育作為一個“自覺”的學術新概念，必將在促進全球中文傳承與傳播，促進中文成為重要的國際公共產品，增強中華文明傳播力影響力，深化中外文明交流互鑒和構建人類命運共同體中發揮更大的作用👋🏽。
詳情頁鏈接：
2.對外漢語教師解釋性教學語言的應用研究
摘要🫵：教師教學語言，既是語言教學的工具和手段，也是外語學習者接觸目標語的主要途徑👩🏼⚖️🧻。對外漢語教師教學語言的使用會直接對學習者的漢語學習產生影響👨🏼💻，尤其是對於初級語言水平，甚至是零基礎的漢語學習者而言更是如此🌂👩🏭。本文通過對專職型和新手型兩組教師在三個不同時段的語料進行錄音和轉寫，從功能屬性💠、話語量、語碼、語音、詞匯👍🏻、句子等方面歸納出對外漢語教師解釋性教學語言的話語特點。在此基礎上，分析這些話語特點對其教學功能的影響。
詳情頁鏈接：
3.漢語國際推廣下中國傳統服飾文化海外傳播研究
摘要：<正>語言是文化傳播的載體🤷🏼♀️。歐洲的工業革命使得英語成為了國際通用語言，而近年來我國綜合國力的增強也促進漢語地位不斷上升🩲，由此可見，語言的傳播使用與國家的發展程度息息相關。漢語是世界上歷史最悠久的語言之一，在文化交流中發揮著重要作用，漢語自身的兼容性和開放性，彰顯了中國的文化自信，推動了中國經濟的快速發展，中國綜合國力不斷增強，隨之而來的是中國國際影響力的不斷擴大。
詳情頁鏈接🤌🏼：
4.後疫情時代中外合作辦學面臨的挑戰與對策
摘要💂🏿👩🏿⚖️：新冠肺炎疫情的全球蔓延和國際格局的變化給我國中外合作辦學的發展帶來很大挑戰。中外合作辦學作為我國跨境教育的主要形式、教育對外開放的重要推動力🐏、提升教育國際化的重要途徑，應發揮其獨特優勢，精準捕捉機遇，適時調整發展戰略，主動適應新常態♍️，力爭做到在危機中育新機🤩，在變局中開新局♍️。具體包括：利用中外優質資源構建人才高地🎟，服務國家改革發展大局；促進中外文化融合🧯，開創教育國際交流與合作的新模式；推動我國高等教育“在地國際化”🌩，促進教育國際化的觀念轉型。在後疫情時代🦯，中外合作辦學應堅持“引進來”與“走出去”相結合🚶♀️➡️，加快教育對外開放的步伐；豐富中外合作辦學的內涵，探索發展新路徑；主動積極探索人才選拔和培養體系的進一步改革👇🏽；重新審視教育國際化觀念🧑🏻🌾，引領我國高等教育國際化新發展。
詳情頁鏈接🧔♂️🤾🏻♂️：
5.來華留學生對高校科研產出具有促進效應嗎?
摘要：基於2008—2017年57所教育部直屬高校的面板數據，運用工具變量法和門限回歸模型，本研究實證檢驗了來華留學生對高校科研產出的影響效應👩🏽⚖️。研究結果表明，來華留學生能顯著提升高校科研產出水平🤾🏿♀️💥，高校來華留學生規模每擴大10%，國際論文發表數將增加4.71%;對不同地區👔、不同類型高校科研產出均具有顯著的促進效應並表現出異質性特征；對高校科研產出的影響受到自身規模約束👩🏼🔧。因此👨🏿💼，我國應不斷增強來華留學吸引力，繼續擴大高質量來華留學生規模；完善來華留學生管理機製，為來華留學生積極參與高校科研產出活動創設良好的製度環境☞；把握來華留學生與高校的差異化特征，提升來華留學生服務高校科研產出的效率。
詳情頁鏈接：
08體育部
1.Guidelines for performing systematic reviews in sports science
Abstracts：Most of the reviews carried out in sportsscience have used the general items suggested by Preferred Reporting Items forSystematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). Due to the specific requirementsof each knowledge area, several modifications of the PRISMA are necessary tooptimize the process of the systematic reviews and, in consequence, the qualityof the conclusions provided in this type of study. Therefore, this work aimedto adapt PRISMA to provide specific guidelines to carry out systematic reviewsin sports science. The methodology criteria (search strategy, databases, andeligibility) and the results section (flow diagrams and study contents) wereadapted based on previous studies, and several new considerations were added todesign the new guidelines. We compiled 28 items suggested by sports scienceresearchers and included two new items: (i) population/problem (i.e., age,level, and country) and (ii) the entire training process, which is monitoredand compared between groups (e.g., total training load). To maximize thebenefit of this document, we encourage people to read it in conjunction withthe PRISMA statement. The main differences between PRISMA and the PRISMAadapted to sports science were related to registration, search strategy, flowdiagrams, and results. Application of the new guidelines could improve theinformation provided to readers and make it easier to generalize and comparethe results in sports science.
Key words🙇🏻♀️：Reportingguidelines;Systematicreview;Researchmethodology;Quality;Evaluatingsports research
詳情網址：
https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:00075919520002424
2.Misuseof the term ?load? in sport and exercise science
Abstracts👩💻▫️：Despite the International System of Units(SI), as well as several publications guiding researchers on correct use ofterminology, there continues to be widespread misuse of mechanical terms suchas 'work' in sport and exercise science. A growing concern is the misuse of theterm 'load'. Terms such as 'training load' and 'PlayerLoad' are popular insport and exercise science vernacular. However, a 'load' is a mechanicalvariable which, when used appropriately, describes a force and therefore shouldbe accompanied with the SI-derived unit of the newton (N). It is tempting toaccept popular terms and nomenclature as scientific. However, scientists areobliged to abide by the SI and must pay close attention to scientificconstructs. This communication presents a critical reflection on the use of theterm 'load' in sport and exercise science. We present ways in which the use ofthis term breaches principles of science and provide practical solutions forongoing use in research and practice. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published byElsevier Ltd on behalf of Sports Medicine Australia. This is an open accessarticle under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Key words：
Exercise🦺🦸🏽♀️；De finition🔯；Nomenclature👨🏽；TerminologySI
詳情網址🧜🏿：
https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000797688200012
